ANB

American National Biography, 24 vols., Eds. John A. Garraty, Mark C. Carnes, New York: Oxford University Press, 1999

AWH

American Women Historians, 1700s – 1990s. A Biographical Dictionary, Eds. Jennifer Scanlon, Shaaron Cosner, Westport; London: Greenwood Press, 1996

BBKL

Biographisch – Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon, Internet: Bautz (http:/www.bautz.de/bbkl/)

BDH

The Blackwell Dictionary of Historians, Eds. John Cannon, R. H. C. Davis, William Doyle, Jack P. Greene, Oxford: Blackwell, 1988

BDLAH

Biographical Dictionary of Latin American Historians and Historiography, Ed. Jack Ray Thomas, Westport: Greenwood Press, 1984

BDPh

Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Philosophers, Eds. Stuart Brown, Diane Collinson, Robert Wilkinson, London: Routledge, 1996

BES

Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists, Eds. John Daintith, Sarah Mitchell, Elizabeth Tootill, Derek Gjertsen, Bristol: Institute of Physics Publishing, 2nd ed., 1994

BHE

Biographisches Handbuch der deutsch-sprachigen Emigration nach 1933, 2 vols., Ed. Werner Röder, Munich: K. G. Saur, 1983

BHSBZ

Biographisches Handbuch der SBZ/DDR 1945 – 1990, 2 vols., Eds. Gabriele Baumgartner, Dieter Hebig, Munich: K.G. Saur, 1997

BHwE

Biographisches Handbuch der deutschsprachigen wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Emigration nach 1933, 2 vols., Eds. Harald Hagemann, Claus-Dieter Krohn, Munich: K. G. Saur, 1999

BLG

Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichtswissenschaft in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, Ed. Wolfgang Weber, Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1984

BRML

Brockhaus Riemann-Musik-Lexikon, 5 vols., Eds. Carl Dahlhaus, Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht, Wiesbaden: Schott, 1989

BWDG

Biographisches Wörterbuch zur deutschen Geschichte, 3 vols., Ed. Karl Bosl, Munich: K. G. Saur, 2nd ed., 1995

DBE

Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie, 13 vols., Ed. Walther Killy, Munich: K. G. Saur 1995 – 2003

DFLE

Dictionnaire du français langue étrangère, 2 vols., Ed. Jean Dubois, Paris: Larousse, 1979

DLEH

Diccionario de Literatura Española e Hispanoamericana, Ed. Carmen Criado, Madrid: Allianza editorial, 1993

DPh

Dictionnaire des philosophes, Ed. Denis Huisman, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2nd ed., 1993

EAPh

Encyclopedia of Asian Philosophy, Ed. Oliver Leaman, London: Routledge, 2001

ECLT

Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory, Ed. Irena R. Makaryk, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993

ECPh

Encyclopedia of Chinese Philosophy, Ed. Antonio S. Cua, New York: Routledge, 2003

EFT

Encyclopedia of Feminist Theories, Ed. Lorraine Code, New York: Routledge, 2000

EHHW

Encyclopedia of Historians & Historical Writing, 2 vols., Ed. Kelly Boyd, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999

GEHW

A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing, 2 vols., Ed. Daniel R. Woolf, New York; London: Garland, 1998

GrHMA

Great Historians of the Modern Age, Ed. Lucian Boia, New York: Greenwood Press, 1991

HL

Historikerlexikon, Eds. Rüdiger vom Bruch, Rainer A. Müller, Munich: C. H. Beck, 2nd ed., 2002

ISL

Internationales Soziologen Lexikon, Eds. Wilhelm Bernsdorf, Horst Knospe, Stuttgart: Enke, 2nd ed., 1980

MGG

Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 17. vols., Ed. Friedrich Blume, Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1949 – 1986; 2nd ed., Ed. Ludwig Finscher, Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1994 sqq.

MKL

Metzler-Kunsthistoriker-Lexikon, Eds. Peter Betthaussen, Peter H. Feist, Christiane Fork, Stuttgart: Metzler, 1999

MPhL

Metzler-Philosophen-Lexikon, Ed. Bernd Lutz, Stuttgart: Metzler, 2nd ed., 1995

NDB

Neue Deutsche Biographie, 21 vols., Ed. Historische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1953 – 2002

NGDM

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 29 vols., Ed. Stanley Sadie, London: Macmillan, 2001

RDPT

The Routledge Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Political Thinkers, Eds. Robert Benewick, Philip Green, London: Routledge, 2nd ed., 1998